Effects Of Smoking On Young People Essay - 2281 Words

Content †¢ Background †¢ Introduction †¢ The causes o Advertisements and marketing o Peer pressure o Parent or role models smoke o It’s cool †¢ Health and effects o Health diseases o Waste of money o Waste energy †¢ Possible solutions o Nicotine gum o Advertisement on risk of smoking o Age limits of purchasing cigarettes o Warning labels o Awareness campaigns †¢ Reasons for quitting o Smoking is addictive o Smoking kills o Smoking is expensive †¢ Benefits of quitting o General health improves o More energy o Save money o Sense of taste and smell improves o Set an example for young people †¢ Conclusion CAUSES OF SMOKING ON TEENAGERS Background information Tobacco intake one of the main source of death that could be avoided worldwide, taking lives of 6 million people yearly and to reach approximately 8 million death per year by 2020 globally. It is imperative to note that, tobacco smoking has never had a safe level and majorly increases the risk factor for utmost chronic illnesses including blood disease, stroke, protracted respiratory diseases and most of the cancer related diseases. Mass-produced of cigarettes have become most common type of tobacco consumed by many, with a daily sale of up to 15 billion cigarettes a day, other kinds (like chewing tobacco available in southern part of Africa, partly in Asia - known as Shisha and Middle East) most of them are common in particular areas. The study has shown that the life expectancy of a smoking person is always lessen by sevenShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Smoking Among Young People1270 Words   |  6 Pagesof smoking amongst young people The tobacco industry has lured young people to start smoking by its advertising; they are unaware of the harmful risks that come about from smoking and the complications that arise. As for the industry the main goal is to make money; the value of the tobacco industry makes about 12.1 billion a year and around 66,000 jobs or more are linked to this industry. Young people are regularly exposed to these messages and therefore they’re persuaded to take up smoking as theRead MoreThe Reason to Increase the Age Limit of Smoking902 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent diseases. Smoking cigarette is one of the worst problems our world is facing and the main reason for this term to be stressful is its consequence. Cigarette can cause different diseases that can directly or indirectly lead to death; â€Å"tobacco use is responsible for nearly 1 in 5 deaths in the united states† (cigarette smoking). Most of the time this consequence highly exists on young smokers or victims can be affec ted by the consequence because they started smoking young. In the United StatesRead MoreEffects Of Smoking On The United States976 Words   |  4 PagesSmoking Smoking, the drug killer number one is everywhere at this time, even government and enough information, which we can get almost everywhere cannot stop some young people. What forces young people to smoke? Why they risk their health just for cigarettes. Is it the addiction what make them smoke, or it is a societal pressure, or it is something else ? The second important question is that, what is the major and minor effect of smoking. I have many experiences with smoking, because using of thisRead MoreTeenage Addiction to Smoking1498 Words   |  6 Pageshealth of future generations. The hostile impact on young generations, addiction to smoking cigarettes is staggering. Smoking has taken an enormous toll on the minds and health of young teens around the world. Teenage smoking is an epidemic that has derives from several causes. Smoking in young teens has become more common this day in age. Smoking in young teens is most commonly brought about by peer pressure. According to an article Teenage Smoking, â€Å"At no other time in life is peer pressure strongerRead More Putting a Stop to Smoking1261 Words   |  6 PagesIt is shocking to know that there are about ten people who die from smoking every single minute, and nobody seems to have any idea about it. Indeed, there is â€Å"a growing gap between the real world and the academy† since people are more intellectual about things that are irrelevant to the real life and are ignorant of things that are imperative to live in the real world (Orr 310). Did you know that there are over four hundred thousand deaths caused by cigarettes and tobacco each year in the U.S.Read MoreHow Tobacco Advertising Influences Young People.1447 Words   |  6 PagesHow Tobacco Advertising Influences You ng People. At the age of fourteen, I had my first puff of smoke. Even before that I knew a lot of cigarette brands due to advertising. Since then I started smoking and when I went to cafeterias and clubs the people who were promoting cigarettes would offer me a new brand to try and gave me free packs of cigarettes and a lighter with their brand. They didn’t mind how old I was, they just wanted to give them away and promote their product. But except thisRead MoreHarmful Effects of Smoking806 Words   |  4 PagesSmoking has become very common and fashionable, especially among young boys. This habit usually begins at school when boys try to experiment with every new thing that they can lay their hands on. Despite the warnings given by doctors about the ill-effects of smoking, people continue to smoke. Smokers are addicted to it, and even if they want to, they cannot refrain from picking up a cigar or cigarette and puffing away. Some youngsters smoke for the sake of society and some feel that would make themRead MoreSmoking and Brain Cancer in Women: An Educational Flyer1257 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Smoking and Brain Cancer in WomenEducational Flyer[The educational Flyer is designed to inform young women regarding the health issues caused by smoking. Smoking not only damages overall health of women but it can also cause brain cancer. The effects of smoking on health can also be transferred to children and may result into complicacies in pregnancy]2013 Smoking and Brain Cancer in Women Educational Flyer [The educational Flyer is designed to inform young women regarding the health issues causedRead MoreSecondhand Smoke Essay807 Words   |  4 Pagesharmful as smoking because it leads to a higher prevalence of cancer and heart disease, it affects children’s health, and harms nonsmokers since they are healthy. You ever thought if smoking was harmful to you or your friends? Is smoking really that good? Many years smoking has been proven to be harmful. Smoking takes control of your mind, body and physical appearance sometimes. Many smokers are starting to smoke now at a young age. Smoking isn’t only harmful to you but all the people around youRead MoreBans on Smoking in Public Areas1476 Words   |  6 Pages Imagine all of the people that die in accidents such as car crashes, fires, falls, and poisoning each year. If you add all of these together and then multiply that number by four, you get the number of people that die because of smoking each year! Smoking is the leadi ng preventable cause of death in the U.S. Each year more than 480,000 people die because of smoking. This is just one of the many reasons why I believe that cigarette smoking should be banned in public areas. I will argue this point

The Gap of Generations - 1190 Words

Logan Rose Davis English- 1302- 11618 July/5/2012 The Gap of Generations Morals and goals change throughout generations as they grow up and go through different events. Lorraine Hansberry wrote A Raisin in the Sun and in the play a man name Walter and his Mama fight throughout the story of how they should think about what is most important to the two people. Mama grew up in the early 1900s and how she was treated and what she had back then helped mold her in to the things she finds most important. Walter grew up where he has more chances to do stuff that his mother could never even think of. Mama and Walter have totally different out look at life between money and family. Mama’s values are pretty basic she just wants to keep the†¦show more content†¦Domina impassive how Mama Morals by saying â€Å"The audience will recall that Mama cares for all living things, even those that do not seem to thrive† (Dominica 3) just shows that Mama is family number one. Walter and Beneatha have a totally different mindset then Mama because of the way they grew up. The two children grew up in a different era then Mama they both were involved in racial eras, but in Walters and Beneathas era is more open time. The success and morels are bigger of the two children Walters morals is all about money rather than family because he thinks that money will make him into the leader of the family, and be able to get them anything they want. Beneatha is just like her brother that the basic is just not enough even her friend Asagai gave her a name that means â€Å"bread is not enough† (Hansberry, Raisin 1604) he is just saying that the basic stuff is just not enough for her she needs more. Success in Walters’s eyes is all about money, and it’s not all about him being greedy it’s just all about wanting to have more for the family. At the beginning of the play Walters’s son wanted fifty cents for school but when Travis asked his mom she said no then he asked Walter and he gave him the f ifty cents like it was nothing. Walter just wanted his son to look up at him and see that he is a big successful man. Hansberry wrote â€Å"When we first meet him, he does not wish to alter it; merely to change his position in it† †(Hansberry, WillieShow MoreRelatedGeneration Gap751 Words   |  4 PagesGENERATION GAP When you are as old as me now, you will have the same opinions as me - said my mother when we had a sensational discussion. I cant understand what she said. I thought much about it and I realized that we have many differences. So what is its cause? I think the main cause is the generation gap. Generation gap is a popular term used to describe the wide differences between members of younger generation and their older. A generation gap exists when older and younger people dontRead MoreGeneration Gap1781 Words   |  8 Pagesalways a generation gap between a generation and another one. Generation gap is a broad difference in values and attitudes between one generation and another, especially between children and their Parents. This can be defined as occurring when older and younger people do not understand each other because of their different experiences, opinions, habits and behavior. Generation gap isnt a new feature of our era or a new phenomenon but it has been existed ages ago. The idea of generation gap has beenRead MoreEssay on Generation Gap1384 Words   |  6 PagesEssay on Generation Gap How many times have you felt that your parents dont understand you, that they have no respect for you as an individual? How often do you shake your head in frustration and blame it on the generation gap? Parents! They are like aliens from another planet altogether! You and they are in different camps; strangers forced to live under the same roof Right? Wrong! There is a way of bridging what appears to be a yawning chasm. If you genuinely want to improve your relationshipRead MoreDistinguishing Generation Gaps1537 Words   |  7 PagesDistinguishing generation gaps There are several ways to make distinctions between generations. For example, names are given to major groups and each generation sets its own trends and has its own cultural impact. Language Use Generations can be distinguished by the differences in their language use. The generation gap has created a parallel gap in language that can be difficult to communicate across. This issue is one visible throughout society, creating complications within day to day communicationRead MoreConquering the Generation Gap825 Words   |  3 Pagespresident, Franklin Roosevelt, once stated, â€Å"There is a mysterious cycle in human events. To some generations much is given. Of other generations much is expected.† As generations come and go like the tides, the ocean of differences between them becomes clearer. Older generations differ from the current generation in their use of technology and their integration of educational methods. Older generations did not have the technological advancements and opportunities that are available now, nor did theyRead MoreThe Generation Gap is Creating Misunderstandings520 Words   |  2 PagesThe generation gap is another reason of creating misunde rstanding between the families that can affect their relationships. The passage, â€Å"The Generation Gap† describes how the young and the old people seem to be living in two very different worlds that are separated by different skills and abilities because of how the generation gap has affected them. From my personal observations, my family is very traditional. My family expects a lot from my brother and me such as staying within the same area asRead MoreGeneration Gap in Raison in the Sun740 Words   |  3 PagesA Generation Gap in a Raisin in the Sun There is a big generation gap in the book A Raisin in the Sun. There are three different generations all living in the same old cramped apartment. The family has been living in the apartment for at least forty years and has never been able to own their home. With this generation gap there is quite a lot of arguments and complaining. Walter and Ruth get into conflicts all of the time, and then there is Walter and Mama with their struggle for the money. TheseRead MoreThe Gap Between Generation Y And The Baby Boomer Generation1350 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Bridging the communication gap between Generation Y and the Baby Boomer generation. The purpose of this research was to answer one key research question: â€Å"How can the generational communication gap between the Baby Boomer generation and Generation Y be closed in order to allow them to have meaningful interpersonal communication?† According to Venter (2016), meaningful communication between the Baby boomer generation and Generation Y is important because these generations have connected channels ofRead MoreInfluence of New Technologies in the Generation Gap1088 Words   |  5 PagesGenerational gap refers to the differences between a younger generation and their seniors. Each generation developed in a different period, with different ways of living and with different ideals. Although these differences have been present throughout history, old generations have to be confronted at the cultural change which affects the actual society, particularly with the new generations X and Y. The basic purpose of this paper is to show that the development of medias and new technologiesRead MoreThe Gap Between Baby Boomers, Generation X, And Generation Y861 Words   |  4 PagesThe generation gap between Baby Boomers, generation X, and Generation Y is increasing within time which has caused them many issues at their work. With an age gap of almost 40 years between the oldest and youngest employee’s inside companies or firms, there are a vast range of perspectives, needs, and values. Baby Boomers were the first to be born between 1946 and 1964 and they represent 41 percent of the three groups. Then Generation X comes second with 16 percent, and they were born between 1956

Advanced industrial business management Free Essays

Globalization is actually the process of economic, technological, political and socio-cultural forces i.e. globalization refers to the adaptation or development of values, knowledge, technology and behavioral norms across different societies and countries around the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Advanced industrial business management or any similar topic only for you Order Now The characteristics of globalization are mostly linked with global networking (i.e. internet, electronic communication or technology and many more) with interflow of information in the economic, social, political and cultural learning areas, interflow between international alliances and competitors, international collaboration and multi-cultural integration and global village and technology. Globalization amplifies the cultural diversity of an organization and the company needs to be aware of the culture diversity within the organization so that they can guide the managers when they take decisions. Managers need to further their contributions to the organization by being informed about cultural differences among the company’s international operations. The company’s role is not to object to or block technology transfers or other innovations to facilitate them. The growing globalization of business also means grater movement of employees among countries. (Edwards, 2006) Global Expansion Companies large and small believe in global expansion and the companies find that thinking globally can provide them with a competitive edge over their competitors. International markets provide many opportunities for companies to expand themselves. Large companies are the ones who carry out international business . Companies who are global or in the global or stateless stage of international development transcend any single home country. The companies operate in a global fashion, making sales and acquiring resources in countries where the cost is the minimum and where a lot of business opportunities are there. At this stage, companies have their offices located at different locations around the world with total control and ownership. The companies that operation internationally encourages free flow of ideas, products, manufacturing and marketing among countries so that they can achieve great efficiencies. (Daft, 1997) Ways to Expansion There are different methods of global expansion for any large company. All companies have a couple of ways in which they can expand their business globally. One if the ways a large company can expand itself it through seeking out cheaper sources for supplies and looking for cheaper suppliers who would supply the company offshore, this process is called the outsourcing method. Another method for a company to expand globally would be by developing markets for the company’s finished products outside the company’s home country, this may include licensing, direct investment or even through exporting etc. This kind of method is called the market entry strategy where the company introduces itself and its products for selling in a foreign market. What happens is that the most companies start with exporting and they work up to direct investing in the foreign market. The different ways for a company to expand itself globally are as follows:- Outsourcing Outsourcing here is being referred to as global sourcing or outsourcing, basically means engaging in the international division of labor so that the production of the company’s products can be done in the cheapest sources and supplies available to the company. For example, the company may take away a contract from a domestic supplier because the supplier was providing the company with expensive materials and can replace it with a supplier in Far East because that supplier is providing with the cheapest material for the production of the products. Outsourcing is mostly conducted by the company so that it can increase its profits. (Fullmer, 1983) Exporting With the help of exporting the company can maintain its production facilities within the home nation and then transfers the product for sale in the foreign market. Exporting basically helps the country to market its product in other countries at modest resource cost and with very minimum risk for the company and the country. There are some large companies that usually do not want to be involved in any kind of investment in the foreign market, therefore for such companies who want to expand globally usually export their product to the foreign markets like Gerber Scientific Inc. (high-tech equipment supplier). Licensing With the help of licensing a company in one country makes certain sources available to companies in another country. These resources include technology, managerial skills, patents or even trademark rights. Franchising is a form of licensing in which the franchisor provides foreign franchises with a complete package of material and services, which include equipment, products, product ingredients, trade mark and trade name rights, managerial advice and a standardized operating. Some of the best known international franchisors are the fast foods chains and coffee shops like Starbucks, Costa Coffee, Burger King, Dunkin’ Donuts, KFC, Pizza Hut or McDonald’s. Licensing and franchising offer a business company relatively an easy access to international markets at low costs, but the limit its participation in and control over the development of those markets. (Fullmer, 1983) Direct Investment Direct investment can be described as a higher involvement of the company in an international trade. Direct investment means when the company is involved in managing the productive assets, which distinguishes it from the other entry strategies which stops less management control. Joint venture is a also a part of direct investment which can be defined as a variation of direct investment in which the company would share costs and risks with another firm to build a manufacturing facility, or to develop new products or even to set up a sales and distribution network. (Fullmer, 1983) Conclusion This paper basically stresses on the growing importance of an international or global perspective of the company that how it can expand itself. Large companies that have been a huge success in their home countries have begun to expand their business overseas and are preparing themselves even now to withstand domestic competition from the foreign markets competitors. Business in the global arena involves risks and difficulties that have to be faced by the company’s management. References Daft, R.L. (1997) â€Å"Management†. Orlando: The Dryden Press David Roman (2008), Going Global, Available from http://www.eetimes.com/global/, on 5th December’08 Edwards, W. (2006), ‘Why go global? Compelling reasons to expand internationally’, Available from http://www.allbusiness.com/retail-trade/4017371-1.html, on 5th December’08 Fullmer, R.M. (1983) â€Å"The New Management† New York: Macmillan Publishing Company How to cite Advanced industrial business management, Essays

Title Proton Holdings Bhd Case Study †Free Solution

Question: Discuss about the Case Study for Proton Holdings Bhd. Answer: Introduction This paper describes the various aspects of the Proton holdings. The objective is to evaluate the depth analysis of the Proton car in Malaysia. It enables to determine the key issues, mission, vision objective statement, environment analysis, internal analysis, evaluation of current strategies, TOWS analysis, proposed of alternative strategy and strategy evaluation. Proton missions is to become a leader in products, service and solutions that fulfill our requirement. Proton vision is to provide a clear picture of doable and what we design to achieve. Asia is a big market for the Proton car at the current situation. Background: Proton Holding is a Malaysian car producer company that headquarter located in Subang Jaya, Selangor(Malaysia). It was founded in 7 May 1983. It operates in at least 26 nations. It delivers cars and car parts in Malaysia market. (Proton 2016). It was sold right hand drive market in New Zealand, Singapore and the United Kingdom. Proton has commissioned CKD plants in Vietnam, Iran, Philippines, China and Indonesia. Share price down is main challenge of the Proton car and Proton launched new model of car to survive in the market that indicate good sign of its growth and development in the market. (Davidson 2015). Vission, Mission and Objective statement: The vision of the Proton is to know for innovative services, responsiveness, reliability and exemplary conduct. Proton's mission is to committed to a culture that promotes strong business ethics in all stages including competitive costs, delivering quality services, action, dealing with our vendors and employees. The objective statement is to spearhead the automotive industrialization process and production sectors, along with upgrade technology within the Proton car in Malaysia. Proton objective is the SMART because they are helpful to survive in the current comepetitve automotive sector. (Fuller et al 2009). Key challenges or issues: These are the significant key challenges or issues in Proton car that described below: The key issues with Proton car is that its share price fell to 21.2% in 2012 from 26% in 2011. In 2014, Protons share price slid to 19%. So, they desire to launch new car model to raise their sales in the current competitive market. (Davidson 2015). The Toyato and Honda is the main competitive in the market that is big challenges for the Proton to survive in the competitive market. (Mahalingam 2014). Proton brand is notorious for sales growth. They were recalling close to 100000 of its vehicles from the Preve, Suprima, and Exora model, due to a cooler hose issues in the car model. (Ahmad 2016). External business environmental analysis: It will determine the PESTEL and SWOT analysis of the Proton car. PESTEL Analysis: It covers the political, economical, social, technological, environmental and legal factor that affected the Proton car in Malaysia that is described below: Political: It is the significant factor that affected the Proton sales in the current competitive market. Proton prices are kept lower to a foreign producer by protectionism. It is possible by the political certainty in Malaysia. The environmental regulation in Malaysia can be found during the British colonialism that presented the environmental standards about the agriculture and mineral to European countries. Further, political certainty is the significant part of the Proton that affected the growth of it. The Malaysian country has a good political condition as well as business growth perspective. (Davidson 2015). Economic: Proton sales are fall year by year due to different economic condition, the worldwide financial crisis affected the Malaysian financial status in the automotive sector. The Malaysian government is expecting a slow economic growth for the nation that can affect the buying behavior of the customers. Due to the AFTA, it has raised the competitive in the market that will impact the performance of the Proton. Protons created a car as per consumer segmentation. The Proton car sales are expected to fall by 12.4 percent in 2009 due to economy uncertainty. (Davidson 2015). Social: It is the another significant factor that affected the Proton holding. The population is the significant factor that affected the automobile industry. In 2008, the nation has a total of 27.5 million citizens. It will provide a huge market for the Proton car. The ratio of car ownership in the nation is high that presents that people are taking interest to buy cars in their lives. Malaysian purchasing power parity is an approximately $525 billion in 2013 that raise the sales of it. (Chapman 2015). Further, it is a national brand that is popular in our local market. So, customer prefers to buy the Protons car. It has well-established transport network such as rail, road and air network that affected the social factor of the Proton car. (Ahmad 2016). Technology: Technology is the significant factor that affected the Proton car. The development in technology is the beneficial for the performance and position of the company. Technology is the demand of the current market that affected the sales of the Proton car in the automotive sector. (Ahmad 2016). Further, Proton has high potential to grow in the competitive market due to technological innovation. Proton technology requires permission from the Malaysia Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI). MOSTI focuses on five fields such as sea to space, industry, ICT policy, biotechnology, core science, and technology. (Felker, Jomo Rasiah 2013). Environment: Proton holding environment affected the car segment sales and growth in the current competitive market. It is the significant factor of the Proton car. Different environment culture affected the future of the Proton car. A positive environment affected the Proton car business model in the competitive market. (Proton 2016). Legal: It is the significant factor of the Proton car. Malaysian country has to follow many legal activities that to run their car business in the market. A legal procedure helps to survive Proton car business in the Malaysian market. Protons committed for safety and environmentally friendly cars. (Davidson 2015). SWOT Analysis: It covers the strength, weakness, opportunity and threat of the Proton car. Strenght: Malaysian people are familiar with its brand. So, the car manufacturer has support from the government that is considered as the significant entity in any business environment. It has a huge distribution network that helps to raise the sales of the Proton cars in Malaysia market. It delivers varieties of product car in the market that attract new customer of it. (Davidson 2015). Weakness: It has a low brand image in the local market that is the signifcant strength of it. Proton used high technology in their car manufacturer. So, it is costly for the customer that is a weakness of it. Proton has different kinds of issue in their inability to retain and cultivate talent. Due to this reason, the Proton is lacking in abroad operations. It is the lack of original products and limited products due to an innovative model of it. (Proton 2016). Opportunity: It has a high demand of the product in the market that is the significant opportunity of it. It has a good opportunity to expand their business in international market. Malaysian government supports the automotive sector. So, the Proton has good future in the market. (Davidson 2015). Threat: Proton has a lot of competition in local and abroad market that is a threat of it. Proton has a lot of substitute products in the market that is another significant threat of it. Proton has fast and advances technology changes that are threat of its fast growth in the market. The economic downturn is a decreasing car sale of it. (Davidson 2015). Strenght Weakness Variety of products Good corporate governance Good support from government A huge distribution network Low brand image in local market High cost due to advance technology operation Vulnerable to raising material cost Opportunity Threats Expand business in worldwide market High demad for the products Malayasian government support Rivalry- local and abroad products Huge substitute products in market Fast and advanced technology changes (Source: Fuller et al 2009) Internal business environment analysis (Porters 5 five forces): It covers the following parts that are described below: The power of buyer: Protons buyer will select the lower price car. It is the significant five forces industry analysis. Protons have a high quality car that is success reason behind it. Customer prefers to buy the car due to low high quality with lower price. (Ahmad 2016). The power of suppliers: Few dominant suppliers is the significant forces of the Porters five forces. Proton doesnt face serious issues from the supplier sides. It has secured channels through the government. An automotive industry is connected to safety and quality of life that is possible by the suppliers. (Fuller et al 2009). The threat of new entrants: It has a significant factor of the Porters five forces in the industry. New organizations are coming on the market that is the main threat to the Protons growth and development. It has high capital and investment is needed for an automotive industry. Lack of availability of the distribution channels is the significant part of the Protons car. (Ansari 2016). The threat of substitutes: Sometimes automotive sector has the main threat with a substitute of the same segment products. Protons car has few substitutes in the market that reduce the growth and development of the organization. It is the significant threat of substitute that helps to survive in the competitive market. (Plunkett 2008). The threat of existing rivalry: The competition is raised due to high exit and human resource. Proton car has a lot of competition in the market. So, they are unable to popular in the whole market leader. (Ahmad 2016). Protons has some more competition in the market due to their competitor's companies such as Toyota and Honda that are described below: Category Brand Luxury Executive Family MPV Compact Proton - Perdana Waja Exora Savvy Toyota Camry Altis Vios Avanza Wish Yaris Honda Accord Civic City Stream Jazz (Source: Chapman 2015) VRIO analysis: Internal analysis of the Proton covers the value chain analysis that is described below: Protons value chain analysis (VRIO analysis) is a range of activities carried out in order to take products and services from design, customer, and production. Proton has the caliber to import quality parts from its strong abroad suppliers. An automotive industry has allowed the organization to develop distribution networks within Malaysia. They should outsource this operation to vender to become a more complex organization in this industry. It ensures that they are able to distribute products to remote regions that are a source of competitive advantages. (Shuman 2016). Further, Proton brand allows the organization to enjoy low demand for marketing. Proton has the caliber to develop a strong brand name and public relation due to their partnership, sponsorship, and quality product offering. The proton quality and brand image allowed it to develop the stronger brand image. (Proton 2016). VRIO framework will analysis that how it is managing its resource. The analysis will cover the Proton human, financial, physical and intangible assets. This analysis is performed with the valuable and organized in its use of this resource. (Plunkett 2008). Resource Valuable Rarity Imitability Organization Remarks Human asset Average Financial Very good Physical assets Excellent Intangible asset Average (VRIO Framework, Source: Plunkett 2008) Evaluation of current strategies: Protons adopted several significant strategies in the areas of product services, research development, manufacturing, quality management, shareholders, human resource, business associate and sales distribution. Product service includes customer oriented and developing new innovative strategies. Research development includes conduct projects by collaboration with Malaysian, development of new low cost and raised fuel efficiency. (Gin 2009). Manufacturing includes a flexible system and a joint venture with other national. Quality management includes three stage line inspection such as fitting exterior and interior car, dynamic appraisal of drivability and final inspection to deliver customers. Shareholder strategies include investor relations program. Human resource strategies include reward, retain the best staff and development communication of policies that affected staff. The business associated strategy includes alliance opportunities that deliver ideas into Asian, South Amer ican, North American and European market. Sales and distribution strategy of the Proton includes strengthening of domestic sales, improve customer service and international expansion plants. (Chapman 2015). Ansoff matrix: Ansoff matrix is composed of four strategies such as penetration, product development, market development and diversification. Market penetration is related to existing automotive market with car model. Product development is related to existing and new car product of the Proton. It occurs when strategy is developing a new product in same market. Market development is related to existing and new market product of the Proton that occur when the Proton car is tweaking the product to new consumers. Diversification is related to new market and new product of the Proton car. (Stone 2001). [Ansoff Matrix, (Source: Hanlon 2013)] Strategic clock: It is helpful to analysis the competitive position as compare to offerings of competitors. It presents eight strategies in four quadrants through axes of price and added values. This strategy is helpful in Proton car because it helps to survive in the competitive market as compare to other car organizations. (Chapman 2015). [The strategy clock, (Source: Chapman 2015)] Merger acquisitions (MA) strategy: It will help the growth process of the Proton car. It will helps Proton to get new technology, operations and market to reduce cost. The risk of failure is a proper planning and analysis to handle the Proton holding business. (Stone 2001). Benchmarketing for automotive sector: Benchmarking is the process that provides best practices from other organizations in the perspective of the quality, time and cost. It identifies the best organization in the automotive sector on the basis of three years benchmarketing survey. (Source: Automotive Tax Insight 2013) Proposed of alternative strategy: Proton should develop the innovative car to raise the sales of it. It will help to increase the share price in the competitive market. Proton should maintain coordination between the mission, vision and statement objective to survive in the competitive market. (Anand 2016). Further, it helps to handle the uncertainty of the Proton car sales and development growth in the future. If the Proton will face a lot of competition in the market. Then, the proposed alternative strategy will help to improve in it. So, the proposed alternative strategy will help to survive in the current competitive market. Proton changed its strategy from cheap cars to world standard car manufacturer that would be beneficial for the organization growth and development. It is a beneficial strategy for the future growth of the Proton car due to deliver cars as per customer requirement. (Tan 2007). Conclusion From the above analysis, it can be concluded that clear key issues, mission, vision objective statement, environment analysis, internal analysis, evaluation of current strategies, proposed of alternative strategy and strategy evaluation as well as high ability to adopt new technology in Proton can help it to maintain its competitive position in the Malaysian market. Proton has worked with the philosophy of producing the right car at right market, at the right cost and at the right time. Proton is one of the first car manufacturers in Malaysia that established strong identification in the automotive market. Feasibility is related to Proton finance that came from total revenue of the Proton car sales. Acceptability is related to stakeholder that engage in the Proton business. Suitability is related to the Proton proposed strategy address that will help to survive in the competitive market. Recommendation: These are the significant recommendation for the Proton car that is described below: Proton should be independent with strategic partners who will provide technologies for improve quality and reduce the cost of the car. Proton technology helps to fulfill customer desire or needs. (Anand 2016). Proton should increase the export of manufactured cars to the AFTA members such as Philippines, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei, Thailand, Myanmar and Vietnam. It will raise the sales of the Proton. It will help to raise the sales of the Proton car outside the Malaysian market. (Ahmad 2016). Proton should adopt repositioning strategy to diversity from existing market by uncovering new applications. Repositioning means Proton can segment the situation to become realistic. (Anand 2016). Proton should develop a new product line that innovative for the provider as opposed to the marketplace. It will satisfy the different kinds of the customers. (Plunkett 2008). References Anand, R, 2016, After Five-Year Slide, Proton At Risk Of Loasing Second Spot To Honda, View 27 July, 2016, from: https://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/after-five-year-slide-proton-at-risk-of-losing-second-spot-to-honda Ahmad, A, 2016, Proton CEO: 150000 Sales Possible If New Models Launched On Time, View 27 July, 2016, from: https://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/06/151821/proton-ceo-150000-sales-possible-if-new-models-launched-time Ansari, A, 2016, Story Of Proton And Its Love/Hate Relationship With Malaysians- Auto Insider, View 27 July, 2016, from: https://www.themalaymailonline.com/what-you-think/article/story-of-proton-and-its-love-hate-relationship-with-malaysians-auto-insider Automotive Tax Insight, 2013, 2013 Tax Rate Benchmarketing Study For The Automotive Sectors, View 27 July, 2016, from: https://www.pwc.com/us/en/tax-services/newsletters/automotive-tax/assets/pwc-automotive-tax-rate-benchmarking-study.pdf Chapman, G, 2015, Car Emblems: The Ultimate Guide to Automotive Logos Worldwide, Chartwell Books, Kuala Lumpur. Davidson, JS, 2015, Indonesia's Changing Political Economy, Cambridge University Press, New York. Felker, G, Jomo, KS, Rasiah, R, 2013, Industrial Technology Development in Malaysia: Industry and Firm Studies, Routledge, New York. Fuller, T, Hartnig, C, Ramani, V, Uchida, H, Gasteiger, HA, Cleghorn, S, Strasser, P, Gin, OK, Ooi, KG, Gin, 2010, The A to Z of Malaysia, Rowman Littlefield, Kuala Lumpur. Gin, OK, 2009, Historical Dictionary of Malaysia, Scarecrow Press, Kuala Lumpur. Gomez, E, 2003, Political Business in East Asia, Routledge, New York. Hanlon, A, 2013, Using The Ansoff Matrix To Identify Growth Opportunities, View 27 July, 2016, from: https://www.smartinsights.com/marketing-planning/create-a-marketing-plan/ansoff-model/ Lopez, L, 2016, Najib- Mahathir Clash: Proton In For A Bumpy Ride, View 27 July, 2016, from: https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/najib-mahathir-clash-proton-in-for-a-bumpy-ride Mahalingam, E., 2014, Proton Must Develop New Technology, View 24 July, 2016, from: https://www.thestar.com.my/business/business-news/2014/06/03/brokerage-proton-must-develop-new-technology/ Proton, 2016, Proton, View 27 July, 2016, from: https://www.proton.com/ Plunkett, JW, 2008, Plunkett's Automobile Industry Almanac 2009: The Only Comprehensive Guide to Automotive Companies and Trends, Plunkett Research, Ltd, Singapore. Shuman, V, 2016, Shame On You For Hiding Your Issues, Proton, View 24 July, 2016, from: https://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/opinion/2016/02/18/shame-on-you-for-hiding-your-issues-proton/ Stone, P, 2001, Make Marketing Work for You: Boost Your Profits with Proven Marketing Techniques, How To Books Ltd. Kuala Lumpur. Sturgeon, T, Biesebroeck, J, Gereffi, G, 2008, Value chains, networks and clusters: reframing the global automotive industry, Journal of economic geography, p.lbn007. Tan, J, 2007, Privatization in Malaysia: Regulation, Rent-Seeking and Policy Failure, Routledge, New York.

Ethical and Socially Responsive Business Ruby Tuesdays free essay sample

Ruby Tuesday’s vision is to provide great value to their guests and a great working environment for their team members by reflecting their core values of Quality, Passion, and Pride in everything the company does. The company adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics to confirm its commitment to conduct business with the highest integrity. Compliance with Laws, Rules, and Regulations is, to me, the most important area in a company’s code of conduct. Complying with laws, rules, and regulations includes preventing harassment and discrimination, improper payments, and environmental compliance. When companies are in compliance they are not putting themselves at risk of huge fines, lawsuits, and negativity towards their company. In 2007, the Rosen family filed a lawsuit against Ruby Tuesdays, Inc. for discrimination against their religious beliefs. They believed that an employee that worked in the restaurant in Athens, Ohio had intentionally burnt a swastika into the bottom of the bowl that their food was served in. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical and Socially Responsive Business: Ruby Tuesdays or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They believed that the intent stemmed from one of the cooks seeing the Rosen daughter, whom wore a necklace displaying a Star of David, on the way to the bathroom. They believed that in knowing that they were Jewish, the cook intentionally discriminated against their religious beliefs. This family suffered emotional distress due to this instance. That is just an example of what can happen if a company does not train their employees to be ethically responsible. This also means complying with the rules for any form of harassment or discrimination against your co-workers. Improper payments refers to taking bribes or kickbacks as a payment for a service within a company. To me, this is just morally and ethically wrong. Environmental compliance refers to being committed to eliminating hazards within the workplace and providing a safe and healthy work environment. These are significant to their company because they don’t want the negativity that can come from lawsuits and fines. The negativity could ruin the company and force them to close. Financial and Accounting Integrity is also an important aspect in a company’s code of conduct. Ruby Tuesday Inc. ’s code of conduct prohibits all fraudulent activity that involves; dishonest acts, embezzlement of the company’s funds, forgery or alterations on checks or drafts, conversion of funds for personal use, unauthorized handling or reporting transactions, and falsification of the company’s financial statements or records. This is significant because again it could result in unwanted fines, lawsuits, and negativity towards the company. If companies are not properly funding their organizations or if employees are embezzling money for personal uses, it is not going to look positive for the company. This could ruin their business in a whole because customers will not want to do business with people that are unethical. Confidentiality is also an important aspect in a company’s code of conduct. Ruby Tuesday Inc. ’s code of conduct states that the protection and proper use of confidential information or trade secrets in its possession are fundamental to its ability to conduct the company’s business. This is significant to business because if workers go around telling people about their secrets and confidential information, they are then telling people how the company runs business, giving the competitors when they need to compete. Some key steps that Ruby Tuesday’s should use to ensure that employees are following the code of conduct are training and continued training, consequences for not following them, and management presenting themselves as morally and ethically responsible. Training of their codes of conduct should start in the training process and should continue throughout their employment with the company. They could hold monthly meetings that stress one of the factors of the code, eventually all of them would be covered. They could also discuss unethical issues that they are facing or that others are facing to stress that unethical behavior will not be allowed in their company. The employees also have to know that there are consequences if they act or perform unethical tasks. If there are not consequences, I feel that employees are more apt to act unethically, feeling that they can get away with it or not get into trouble. Managers presenting themselves morally and ethically responsible proves to the employee that they are serious, and that they are not just being told to act that way, but that their bosses also act that way. If a company has a manger that is acting unethical or morally wrong, I feel that the employee will see this as the right thing to do and follow in the boss’s footsteps. Three ways that I feel that Ruby Tuesday’s could engage in socially responsive activities in their communities is by contributing to a local charity and becoming thoroughly active and interested in the charity, creating a loyalty program, and by starting up applications for smartphones. By contributing to a local charity and being active in it, they are showing the community that they are concerned about the people in the community. They are showing that they are empathetic and that they are willing to help the community in need, when they are able. They are also showing that they are willing to support the community that is supporting their business. Creating loyalty programs they are showing their customers that they want them to return and that they are willing to offer something for continuing to do business with the company. These could be as simple as buy so many of one product and receive one for free or it could be something more like having dinner with the chef. Starting up applications for smartphones is the latest way to stay in contact with customers. This enables the company to get information out to their customers who want to hear from them due to them downloading the application. Applications also get information out there to customers who are trying to make the decision as to where to eat. Applications can also be used in conjunction with the loyalty programs as a way of tracking their loyalty points. It is expected from customers that companies perform in ethical and moral ways. Every company should have a code of conduct that is given to, explained and trained to all of their employees. This training should not only consist of one session, but many sessions as they continue their employment with the company. References: Hansen, S., et al. Helicobacter pylori infection and risk of cardia cancer and non-cardia gastric cancer: a nested case-control study. Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology 34.4 (1999): 353-360. Dorneich, Michael C., et al. A task-based reach-zone analysis of the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle controls. Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), 2011 IEEE International Conference on. IEEE, 2011. Danesh, John, et al. Chronic infection with Helicobacter pylori, Chlamydia pneumoniae, or cytomegalovirus: population based study of coronary heart disease. Heart 81.3 (1999): 245-247. Johansson, Ann†Katrin, et al. Eating disorders and oral health: a matched case–control study. European journal of oral sciences 120.1 (2012): 61-68. Mà ¥nsson, Mattias, et al. Women with polycystic ovary syndrome are often depressed or anxious—a case control study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 33.8 (2008): 1132-1138.

Free Essays on The Hobbitt

and a knife the trolls were carrying. The travelers come across the Secret Valley. There they stop at Elronds’ Last Homely ... Free Essays on The Hobbitt Free Essays on The Hobbitt Hobbit The book begins with Biblo Baggins enjoying a pipe after breakfast. This is one of his favorite pleasures and he feels quite content in doing so. He is middle-aged, and resides in a burrow in the ground. One morning Gandalf, a wizard stops by to talk with Biblo. He tells Biblo that he is looking for someone to go on an adventure with him. Although Biblo is tempted he declines, but not before inviting Gandalf for tea the next morning. The next day Biblo hears his doorbell and he remembers inviting Gandalf for tea, but instead of the wizard at the door, there is a group of dwarves, thirteen in all. Thorin son of the dwarf king starts to outline a plan on how to regain the treasure stolen by the dragon Smaug. Biblo is shocked to realize these plans involve him. He then realizes that Gandalf has tricked him by inscribing on his door that he was a burglar seeking a job with lots of excitement. With all this talk of quests and glory Biblo decides to join the party after al l. Gandalf reveals a key and a map of their journey, which ends at the Lonely Mountain. It is there that the treasure of Thorins’ ancestors is guarded by Smaug. The quest begins and the party meets at the Green Dragon Inn. From there they venture into the Lone-lands. As heavy rains begin to fall, Biblo notices that Gandalf is missing. When it starts to pour they stop to investigate a light. Their Biblo finds three trolls grumbling about food. Biblo decides to live up to title of burglar and attempts to pick one of the trolls’ pockets. However they quickly capture him. The dwarfs see what's going on and try to save Biblo but all of them except Thorin are caught. Thorin formulates a plan to free them but fails. Gandalf returns and occupies the trolls till dawn, and then they turn into stone. The group takes the two swords and a knife the trolls were carrying. The travelers come across the Secret Valley. There they stop at Elronds’ Last Homely ...

Project monitoring nd control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Project monitoring nd control - Essay Example Project control t the senior mngement level consists of evluting nd responding to forml Project Sttus Reports prepred by the project tem. These reports detil the overll progress of the project with specil ttention pid to production delys or budget overruns tht might jeoprdize contrctul greements. The reports ssist senior mngement in determining when expenditures on prticulr project re no longer profitble nd should be terminted. Depending on the level of mngement control, sttus reports my prompt senior mngers to provide dditionl funding, direction, or clrifiction to the project tem. In contrst, project control t the opertionl level is driven by need to determine how successful the tem hs been in chieving specific plnned objectives nd by need to ssist in the coordintion of complex nd interrelted ctions. The project tem monitors the progress of ech ctivity, tking corrective ction when ctivities re shown to be delyed or drifting (Spinner, 1992). Knutson nd Bitz (1991) list five stges of the opertionl project control process: Time, cost, nd performnce form the bsis for the operting chrcteristics of project. These fctors help to determine the bsis for project control. Project control is the process of reducing the devition between ctul performnce nd plnned performnce. Mesurements re tken on ech of the three project constrints of time, performnce, nd cost. Cost Control. Cost Control. Tking the process one step further, cost control reports compre scheduled expenditures to ctul expenditures. The purpose of these reports, which re usully prepred by finncil plnners, is to identify or predict possible cost overruns. If cost overrun is likely, request for dditionl funds should be forwrded to senior mngement s soon s possible. If dditionl funding cn not be obtined quickly, nd the overrun is beyond the project's finncil tolernce, no further finncil commitments should be mde pending complete project cost nlysis. lthough this lck of finncil commitment my seem somewht hrsh, it is the best course of ction since it prevents the project from going bnkrupt, which would mke completion impossible (Spinner, 1992). There re certin techniques tht cn ssist mngers in controlling nd monitoring the project. To mny mngers, the costs ssocited with project my be considered more importnt thn the schedule; t minimum, senior mngement will require timely cost sttus reports. During the plnning stge, this will tke the form of developing project cost estimtes for inclusion in the initil project budget. Once the project hs begun, this informtion my be forwrded s prt of cost schedule or cost control reports. If the tem is considering ccelerting or "crshing" the project, the tem my develop cost minimizing reports (Spinner, 1992). Cost control hs received extensive coverge in the literture. Numerous ccounting nd reporting systems hve been developed over the yers for project cost monitoring nd control. Some of the strtegies suitble for controlling project cost include: Reducing lbor costs Using competitive

Marks & Spencer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Marks & Spencer - Essay Example Internal analysis is concerned with providing management with a detailed understanding of the business, how effective its current strategies are and how effectively it has deployed its resources in support of its strategies (Johnson, Scholes, 1998). Marketing strategy provides firms with the framework for planning their business activities to develop and sustain competitive advantage. A large number of tools and systems have been developed by marketing managers and theorists to assist this process, these falling into three main generic categories: defining market opportunities, fitting the capabilities of the firm to the identified opportunities and the 'marketing mix' - the strategies adopted and implemented by the firm including product, price, promotion and distribution issues. Form the environmental perspective, the end of 1990s was marked by the changes on the European market which altered many of the parameters of competition and thus enforced a period of reassessment and adaptation. The opening up of the market and the resultant increased competition has widened the perspective of the planning framework with profound implications. The threat was that the removal of physical barriers to trade and the new-found freedom of movement around the European market have served to catalyse European expansion and in so doing raise the degree of European trade. According to the market servey 2000, M&S faced decline in its operations during this period, and had to close some retail store in Europe and aroud the country. To explore the results of decline McKinsey 7-S Model can be used. This model was proposed by Robert Waterman and explained: "it is not enough to think about strategy implementation as a matter only of strategy and structure" (McKinsey 7-S Model, n.d.) Taking into account the McKinsey 7-S Model which is based on the interrelationship of strategy formulation and implementation, it is possible to say that a strategy developed by agers of M&S was a effective for world's integration failed at the stage of implementation. The 7-S views culture as correlation of: strategy, structure, systems, style, staff, skills and shared values. According to Waterman "If a 7-S analysis suggests that strategy implementation will be difficult, managers either can search for other strategic options, or go ahead but concentrate special attention on the problems of execution suggested by the framework" (McKinsey 7-S Model, n.d.). In general, corporate culture is the pattern of values, norms, beliefs, attitudes and assumptions that may not have been articulated but shape the ways in which people behave and things get done. Values refer to what is believed to be important about how people and the organizations behave. Norms are the unwritten rules of behaviour (Cole, 1990). Communication, employed by M&S, is affected by internal and external environment, by the nature of the task and technology. For example, difficulties in communication arose with production systems where workers were stationed continuously at a particular point with limited freedom of movement. Even when opportunities exist for interaction with colleagues, physical conditions may limit effective communication. The term organizational climate

The rising cost of health care in the united states Essay

The rising cost of health care in the united states - Essay Example With this type of healthcare cost the average person whether they are single or within a family will not be able to afford healthcare unless something is done to help them. Ginsberg cites several key factors in the rise of healthcare: This information is significant because of the many healthcare problems that are creating denials from insurance companies for the average American if they have a condition that the insurance company does not want to cover. Merrill Matthews, Executive Director, Council for Affordable Health Insurance, states that there are many reasons why healthcare is expensive. He states that the high cost of technology is one of these reasons. Many doctors upgrade their equipment and the more they do this the more expensive the healthcare is for the individual who needs it. In many cases like LASIK or bariatric surgery patients have to pay out of their pockets to get care. When they pay out of their pocket they expect more but when they are receiving healthcare that someone else pays for they tend to use more of it (par. 6). Reinhardt suggests that the administrative overhead that most hospitals and clinics have is really what is driving the cost of healthcare higher. In his article he quotes The McKinsey Global Institute study that found that administrative cost and health insurance was 21% of this higher cost; this translates in 2008 to $150 billion (par. 4). This report also said that 85% of the higher cost can be attributed to private insurance companies. The New York Times had a different opinion about the high cost saying that it was none of the regular things that people think like the aging of baby boomers or the high cost of drugs to treat disease: it is because the United States is wealthy. This editorial states that Americans use more specialists than other countries and that the specialists overuse some things like CAT scans and M.R.I machines ("The High Cost of Health

Project cost management

Project cost management Introduction The successful design, development and implementation of projects are very complex and at times daunting tasks for many project managers. The sum of growth in competition and globalization, institutionalization of innovation-based economics, rapid development of technologies, the uses of outer resources, increase in the significance of customers focus and the shortening of products and services cycles means that projects cost management has become a multifaceted issue for majority of businesses today. In essence, this has resulted in the need for the adoption and focus on project based on cost management of business activities. Indeed a lot of researchers emphasis the need for a multi-project environmental management of projects that pays cognizance to the key ingredients that will ensure for the success in projects. This paper will synthesis, analyze and dissect the key attributes that are seen to be inherently important for ensuring effective project cost management. Towards this, an insightful and succinct discussion of the following key factors for successful projects shall be done; appropriate senior management levels commitment to the project, adequate project funding, project requirements analysis and specifications, stakeholders involvement, risks management and presence of a contingent plan. While several dimensions could be pursued under each element only few will be highlighted Ensuring for effective project cost management Phillips (1) illustrates that From IT to construction, most projects have to purchase materials: routers and cables, shingles and cement, and so on; we must always buy some things to complete the project work. Without even underlining the scope or schedule of a given IT project, funds must be availed and properly managed and appropriated to achieve the goals of the project. In the cost management of IT projects, there are three major estimates cost techniques that project managers should make use to effectively manage their projects. These include the Ballpark estimate, the budget estimate and the definitive estimate. According to Barkley (68) Ballpark estimate is also known as the rough order of magnitude (ROM)which is based on high-level objectives, provides a birds-eye view of the project deliverables, and has lots of wiggle room in that most ROM estimates are dependent on the industry and have a range of variances from -25% all the way to +75%. The budget estimate that is also known as the top down estimate is more accurate than the Ballpark estimate and is always formulated at the beginning of the projects life. It includes a number of conditions just like the Ballpark estimate in that it takes into consideration a range of variances and assumptions that are characteristics of any projects estimation. The definitive estimate or bottom up estimate is the real opposite of the budget estimate (Haughey, 29). In effective cost management of an IT project, it is imperative that all the estimate methods are used to mitigate the effects of overhead costs on the project. Baldwin, Rose-Anderssen, Ridgway, Allen, Lopez, Strathern, and Varga (1), clearly demonstrates that The definitive estimate requires a work breakdown structure (WBS) and a WBS is not a list of activities, it is a detailed description of deliverables-oriented decomposition of the project scope. The attention to the creation of goods and services and technologies has significantly increased over the last few years that have prompted and preconditioned the need for better and more efficient projects cost management. This call for paying cognizance to the following key factors; Senior management support The success of projects will to a large extent rely on the interests, support and commitment of the senior management. This is in order to ensure that everybody in the project team and indeed the whole employees are focused and committed. Most projects in organization are sometimes conceived, funded and developed without appropriate senior management involvement or approval. Armstrong (25) has for example noted that some projects go forward without the management clearly conceptualizing what the project entails. A distinction between mere approval and commitment should be clearly discerned so that the projects run smoothly. According to Dennis (87) and Blair (13), most projects fail when the senior management lacks a clear understanding and a paucity of the projects perceived benefits, risks and difficulties. This is fundamental because the management plays a central role in costs appropriations and budget allocations for project activities. This means that while the projects approva l may actually have been acquired, in the euphoria of getting the projects approved; some of the risks may be ignored or glossed over. Efficient project cost management especially in the field of IT should however ensure that projects approvals are not based on hype and unrealistic calculations but on a framework that encapsulates a realistic assessment of the projects benefits, risks and costs. Adequate financing or funding for the project This forms the fundamental groundwork for the achievement any IT related projects objectives and goals. Most IT projects being initiated will require some substantial funding and resources deployment because they are always characterized by abnormally huge overhead costs. However, Kerzner (11) and Loosemore, Raftery and Reilly (161), have noted that ample project funding is not in itself a panacea to projects success. It has been advanced that inadequate project funding will most invariably result on delivery of less than promised. The realization of projects success has been positively correlated with efficient resources management and budget controls. According to Armstrong (32) effective resources management as well as its impact on the compatibility between the costs management and project value accumulation has been empirically proved in literature. Researchers show that in order to avoid the gap between the organizational strategies and the limited resources, it is purposive that available resources are reviewed and aligned to the budget in a seamless manner. This means that a lot needs to be arranged before and also during projects executions. A clear delineation of all the resources that are essential to the successful running of the project and a formulation of a budget that captures all the needs and requirements is therefore important. Armstrong (33), succinctly state that A project funding should be seen as a continuing and flexible process in that while a reasonable estimate of project expense must be made to obtain initial approval, this figure should not be considered as the final project cost. This point is further buttressed by Meyer (172) in illustrating that As the true scope of an IT project is revealed, the project manager can more accurately identify project expenses and recalculate the costs at several checkpoints in the project life cycle so that the new figures are communicated to senior management. Requirements analysis Requirements analysis should be carried out in order to develop the architectural design or frameworks of the specific IT project for the initiation and inception of the project. This calls for a thorough discussion between the clients and/or the stakeholders in order that all the salient issues are brought to the fore and the project is set off on a sound footing. According to Armstrong (27), client consultation at all the stages of an IT project development should always be done in order to avoid situations where repeated references to the project requirements are the case or projects are discontinued entirely. Requirements analysis should be detailed and the analysis or the project manager should visit, communicate and discuss the project requirements with the clients on a conclusive and comprehensive manner. A clear delineation of what will be delivered or not within projects scope should ideally be done. Project managers will attest to the fact that taking a thorough requirement analysis ahs the benefit of arriving at an accurate estimate on a project. This will reduce the effects of time wasted in search of more funds and convincing clients and other stake holders to increase funding after its initiation. In addition to the above, it comes with the added advantage of taking due care of crash programs and thus protects the projects from the effects external factors (Meyer, 171). Development of a comprehensive project plan and its cost components Basically, there are three main benefits to be realized through the development of a clear, comprehensive and elaborate project plan. One such benefit is that through adequate planning, the planners are able to present a clear and well documented or properly focused understanding of project. Secondly, adequate planning ensures that all issues are raised to help avoid instances of overlooking some issues that may later prove problematic. Finally, adequate planning reinforces and helps build confidence in the success of the project. Jiang and Gary (20) elucidates that project planning should never be viewed as a waste of time. This point has been buttressed by Armstrong (29) who has advanced that a very strong correlation between the lengths of time allocated to the project planning and the ultimate projects success abides. Stakeholders involvement The attainment of all the stakeholders involvement has been cited as an important ingredient in the success of IT projects in organizations. This means that every stakeholder in the organization is seen too own the project. This ensures that there are no complains about the project contents and performance when it is completed. This becomes more poignant when it is noted that projects warrants large investment of resources such as time, efforts and money. The involvement of the employees, internal customers and other important stakeholders should therefore be paid utmost cognize (Raz, Erez, 48). Frequent project status reporting should accompany the progress of the project and this should be done on as a regular interval in as far as is soundly possible. As early as the projects life, frequent reporting should help spot and identify adverse issues, as well as how these can be overcome. Jiang and Gary (31) have noted that it is not important that regular updates are provided but the accuracy of such reporting be the case so as to ensure that the status of the projects progress are accurate, realistic and timely. Risk assessment in an IT project It is important that a detailed risks assessment is carried in an IT project so as to ensure for the success of a project. Essentially, risks assessment may fall into two categories, i.e. the more usual and obvious risks and the risks that may be generated from the functions and requirements of a particular problem (Raz, Erez, 53). A businesslike approach to project management requires carefully considering and addressing these risks with internal customers and senior management as part of the projects approval process and if the risk analysis leads to a decision not to move forward, it is much better for everyone involved that the decision is made sooner, rather than later (Raz, Erez, 55). Armstrong (34) has advised that it is prudent to consider the possibility of some failures in the projects that would call for the development of contingent plans to overcome difficult situations should they arise and a project may have to incorporate items that were overlooked, or changes in the business needs associated with the project. This may result in delay of some projects that were dependent on this project or indeed some other business activities. Successfully and efficient project cost management will therefore entail the development of contingent plans to mitigate against such occurrences. In the course of an IT project development, a lot of issues and difficulties may arise. Thus, while some problems may have been anticipated, some occurrences, the need to clear to meet deadlines among others may create insurmountable pressures and tensions. These must be mitigated through the adoption of sound cost management approaches that ensures that issues and matters arising are addressed and mitigated. In some instances, continued top management support must be continually sought so that commitment to the project remains true, and un-anticipated funding requirements are met or delays in operations are understood. In obtaining senior management support, project managers must be willing to present an accurate picture of the potential difficulties inherent in the project in that insofar as is practical, senior management must be given a realistic assessment of the potential for difficulty and be willing to stay the course if things go wrong (Dennis, 95). Conclusion Effective project cost management is a multifaceted issue especially in an IT related project and difficulties abide in the identification and management of all potential difficulties and the ramifications that are associated with the successful development, budget appropriation and implementation of projects. This will depend to some extent on the size of the project where it is seen that the larger the size, the greater the probability of unseen contingencies. In large IT projects for example, the task can prove overwhelming and massive to coordinate. Organizations attempting to find and resolve all IT project difficulties and potential difficulties may not find the issues presented here as all inclusive as there are a lot more issues that must be paid cognizance for the efficient project cost management. However, while the draft does not strive for perfection, it can nonetheless be adjudged that paying attention to the issues raised, a project manager will be better prepared and k nowledgeable enough that undoubtedly greatly enhances the likelihood of a successful project and cost management strategies. WORKS CITED Armstrong, Mark. 2007. Simplified Risk Assessment. Engineering management journal.10, 1: 19-24. Baldwin, James, S., Rose-Anderssen, Chris., Ridgway, Keith., Allen, Peter, M., Lopez, Alvaro.,Strathern, Mark and Varga, Liz. (2006). Management Decision-Making: Risk Reduction Through Simulation. Website: http://www.palgrave-journals.com/rm/journal/v8/n4/pdf/8250020a.pdf Barkley, Bruce. 2004. Project risk management. McGraw-Hill Professional. Blair, Gerald, M. 2007. Planning a Project. http://www.see.ed.ac.uk/~gerard/Management/art8.html?http://www.ee.ed.ac.uk/~gerard/Management/art8.html Dennis, Lock. . 2007. Project management. 9th edition. London: Cooper Lybrand Haughey, Duncan. 2000. Planning a Project using a Work Breakdown Structure Logic Network. Website: http://www.projectsmart.co.uk/planning-a-project-using-a-work-breakdown-structure-and-logic-network.html Jiang, James, J. and Gary, Klein. Software project risks and development focus. Project management journal, 32, 1: 4-9. 2001. Kerzner, Harold. Project management: A Systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. 9th edition. New York: John Willey Sons. 2006. Loosemore, Mark, Raftery, Justin and Reilly, Chris. Risk management in projects. Taylor Francis. 2006. Meyer, Brad, C. Project Costs and Crashing. 2002. Retrieved on February 22, 2010 from Website: http://www.cbpa.drake.edu/bmeyer/webm120/PPT_Crashing.pdf Phillips, Joseph. Project Cost Management. 2010. Retrieved March 15th, 2010 from Website: http://www.projectsmart.co.uk/project-cost-management.html Raz, Tzvi and Erez, Michael. Benchmarking the use of project risks management tools. Proceedings of the project management Institute Annual Seminars and Symposium.1999.

Ancient Egyptian Religious Architecture :: Ancient Egypt Egyptian History

Ancient Egyptian Religious Architecture One of the greatest cultural achievements of Ancient Egypt was undoubtedly in their architecture associated with religion. "Temples, tombs and pyramids - all have witnessed this earth for thousands of years. What better than to say that these architectural achievements show us that Egypt's greatest virtue lay in its architecture" (Fumeaux:11, 1964) When one travels to Egypt, what does he/she see - pyramid after temple after tomb, each standing the test of time. One stands out - they are all associated with religious beliefs, they all have stood unmoving for thousands of years, and they all involve mechanical genius- the moving of colossal stones without the use of the wheel. The finest example such mechanics is shown in the construction of the revered pyramid. These three factors, all belonging to the religious architecture of ancient Egypt, do nothing else but prove its greatness. Egypt's grand architectural design was a result of the religious values and beliefs that were in place at the time. Thousands of years ago, 'Ancient Egypt accepted the challenge of reeds and swamps, hot sands and floods, and build the 'first' nation' (Romer:75, 1982). There were few things to impress themselves upon the Egyptian mind; their psychological impact however was immense. There was the Nile itself, source of all life, there was the mysterious regularity of the Sun, Moon and stars; there was fertility and death. It was out of fear and mystery of these things that "...the Egyptians made their complex heirachy of Gods, and their strange religion. In the service of that religion they made their architecture" (Romer: 75,1982). Thus, the art and architecture of Ancient Egypt stemmed directly from their religion. Egyptian theology, with its deified pharaohs and strange animal-headed gods, was complicated, but the most important belief was that survival after death depended upon the preservation of the body. This belief would influence the architectural design of the tomb, where the corpse was ultimately sealed (Silverman:142, 1997). Immortality was only for privileged royal and priestly beings (Stierlin:54, 1983).This implies that their tombs would be somewhat prestigious and not just and ordinary burial site. At the day of resurrection the Ka or soul would re-enter the dead body; this meant that it must be there, intact, ready for that moment. It followed logically, that 'once the corpse was embalmed or mummified, it must be preserved in an impregnable tomb.

Denmark vs America

In this essay I would like to tell about the differences and similarities in Denmark and America. I will tell good stuff and bad stuff, and you will be able to hear my opinoin as well. Denmark and America are way different from each other, but at the same time we’re a bit alike. We see a lot of teenage movies, and about 95 percent of them are from the states, the other 5 percent are from our own country. We see a lot about the teenage lifestyle through these movies, and no matter if we want or not, then we all create an image in our heads about how the lifestyle is. Now I’m so lucky that I’ve actually tried to live the real teenage life in America, and yes, I would say that the image that I had about the American life, was very true. But there is this thing called drama, which teenage movies love to use as exaggeration. So thank goodness that there’s not all that drama in real life. The coolest thing about high schools in the states is that high schools love to have dances, and they spend a lot of energy into planning them, and they spend a lof of money on them, and high school kids love these dances. Prom, for example, is the most important dance of the year, and everybody is talking about it all year. Here in Denmark we just have a random school dance where everybody drinks their brains out, and can’t remember anything the next day and people is only thinking about wearing the smallest outfits that they can find. I’m tempted to say that the exact opposite is the case in in the states, because in the states they are trying to find the biggest dresses, and they don’t drink. This brings me to the next subject that I want to talk about, alcohol. In America you can’t drink untill you’re twenty-one, where as here on the other side of the world, you can drink when you’re sixteen. I think both these ages are a bit ridiculous, the one in Denmark is too low, and the one in America is too high, it should be around eighteen. One thing that I don’t like about the U. S is all the crime; I know that crime is starting to escalate here in Denmark, but it’s still much worse in the U.  S. People are walking around with guns on them; children get kidnapped daily, which is the worst when that happens. When a child gets kidnapped, it’s all over the news and media, and this is called an Amber Alert. I tried that when I was in America, it was terrifying, police men everywhere, helicopters, news people reporting live twenty-four seven. Unfortunately they didn’t find the kid alive; they found the kid only a few blocks away from its house. America has a ton of fast food restaurants which of course cause all the really fat people, who can barely walk. Here in Denmark we don’t have that many fast food restaurants, but we have the most famous ones, and we’re acyually not skinny anymore. So my conclusion is that Denmark and America are different because of the rules and laws we have in each country, here I’m thinking of the drinking age and drivers license. We like to do the same things, such as school dances and parties, but it will never be the same because of the way we’re raised.

Commentary- Blessing by Imtiaz Dharker Essay

Imtiaz Dharker’s poem describes rain as its blessing to a dry place, as the short direct sentences in the first stanza suggests there was no hope on that land: â€Å"There never is enough water.† The line shows the desperateness of rain as it sets a negative tone to start the poem. However, as the poem progress, there was an increase in hope and energy, seen from the energetic and positive language such as, â€Å"rush†, â€Å"bursts†, â€Å"crashes† and â€Å"roar†. These are used to associate with the action and the liveliness brought by the rain. The poet is trying to compare rain to a god-like blessing as it says from the title, and also from the word â€Å"congregation† as the word is related to religious. It described rain as a god-gifted blessing to the land without hope, describing the echo of rain to: â€Å"the voice of a kindly god.† We can see the importance of water to the people from the land as water is described as precious items such as â€Å"silver†, â€Å"fortune† and â€Å"liquid sun†, suggesting it’s importance to these people. We can see further illustration of this idea through the celebration as children celebrates and â€Å"sings† after being given water. The excitement of people can also be seen from the structure of the poem, seen from the enjambment which ran from the third stanza until the end of the poem, we can see the tone being very exciting that there wasn’t a pause, contrasting with the first stanza where the short and slow lines reflects the lack of energy. The most noticeable example is: â€Å"every man woman child for streets around butts in† We would expect commas being used between man woman child, but there isn’t, showing the excitement and the hurry. The poet also cleverly uses the stanza length to reflect the amount of water and excitement, with the 3rd stanza being the pinnacle of the event, there are and it differs from the short 1st stanza which suggests The use of onomatopoeia and oxymoron also highlights the importance of water: â€Å"Imagine the drip of it, the small splash, echo† The poet describes a small drip of water having a echo, which is usually associated with large items, and it gives us an idea of how a small amount of water can be seen as a huge importance to these people.

Free Essays on Hypocrisy Is A Feminist Virtue

Hypocrisy is a feminist virtue. Consider one of the most popular television show, â€Å"Ally McBeal†. Ally first appears to be a feminist’s model of the 1960s; she’s an attractive Harvard-educated attorney trying high-profile cases at a leading Boston firm. Yet what makes her character and the tales of her work so popular is that this package contains a (amusingly, of course) neurotic woman who longs for a serious relationship, leading to marriage, leading to children. Ally has turned to the TV audience to confide, in hushed tones: â€Å"I want to change the world; I just want to get married first.† Embracing motherhood as well as other feminine virtues can be regarded as hypocritical to the feminist ideology; for a feminist, to replace the role of an independent career woman with the dual orthodox role of virtuous wife and mother is similar to a Catholic priest discarding all his knowledge and faith in God and preaching the teachings of Hinduism. It is repudiation to the complete equal ity – defined as attaining the same degree of social, political, and economic power that men have, even going so far as to demand equality of experience as well as opportunity – that feminists have pushed so hard for. However, current forms of feminism have taken the wrong course; instead, it should towards social harmony rather than gender equality and endear femininity. We believe, for the most part, that the feminist movement is a deserved success. The United States passed several laws during the 1960s and 1970s, aimed at providing equal rights for women. Complete social, political, and economic equality for men and women is an unquestioned ideal. In this modern era, very few of us were raised by stay-at-home moms (about 70% of all mothers today are in the labour force), and virtually all women see careers as the overarching concern of their futures. As far as sex is concerned, many people perceive women as being no different than men, ex... Free Essays on Hypocrisy Is A Feminist Virtue Free Essays on Hypocrisy Is A Feminist Virtue Hypocrisy is a feminist virtue. Consider one of the most popular television show, â€Å"Ally McBeal†. Ally first appears to be a feminist’s model of the 1960s; she’s an attractive Harvard-educated attorney trying high-profile cases at a leading Boston firm. Yet what makes her character and the tales of her work so popular is that this package contains a (amusingly, of course) neurotic woman who longs for a serious relationship, leading to marriage, leading to children. Ally has turned to the TV audience to confide, in hushed tones: â€Å"I want to change the world; I just want to get married first.† Embracing motherhood as well as other feminine virtues can be regarded as hypocritical to the feminist ideology; for a feminist, to replace the role of an independent career woman with the dual orthodox role of virtuous wife and mother is similar to a Catholic priest discarding all his knowledge and faith in God and preaching the teachings of Hinduism. It is repudiation to the complete equal ity – defined as attaining the same degree of social, political, and economic power that men have, even going so far as to demand equality of experience as well as opportunity – that feminists have pushed so hard for. However, current forms of feminism have taken the wrong course; instead, it should towards social harmony rather than gender equality and endear femininity. We believe, for the most part, that the feminist movement is a deserved success. The United States passed several laws during the 1960s and 1970s, aimed at providing equal rights for women. Complete social, political, and economic equality for men and women is an unquestioned ideal. In this modern era, very few of us were raised by stay-at-home moms (about 70% of all mothers today are in the labour force), and virtually all women see careers as the overarching concern of their futures. As far as sex is concerned, many people perceive women as being no different than men, ex...

Deming & Quality Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Deming & Quality - Term Paper Example Gitlow &Gitlow (1987), points out that in determining customers’ needs, it is important that the future be brought into the equation, because such needs can change, and companies should be well prepared for it. The need for the prototypes to fit certain specifications, are also worth considering, especially with regards to the suppliers of the raw materials (Gitlow & Gitlow 1987). According to Gitlow & Gitlow (1987), the extent to which a firm and its suppliers are able to surpass the design specifications and meet the customers need, is really what quality conformance is all about. However the quality of performance can only be determined through research and sales, and service call analysis to determine how well the firm’s goods and services are doing in the market place (Gitlow & Gitlow 1987). Feedback from the quality of performance surveys, may lead to changes in design and in redesigning, thereby facilitate the continuity of the quality cycle. The 14 point method of Deming incorporates the use of statistical tools, and significant changes in the corporate culture of organizations intent on achieving a quality program, according to Gitlow & Gitlow (1987); it provides a framework for action as well as giving management bases from which they can formulate plans for which they may even lack the necessary experience. Organization leaders who embrace the 14 point system of quality have to back up that strategy with a commitment to change in their thinking and behavior patterns. The 14 Points entails, according to Gitlow & Gitlow (1987), A motivated worker is one that is doing his or her job willingly and well. However, for this to happen, managers must provide both intrinsic and extrinsic forms to their workers. Most of our behaviors according to Jung, are evaluated or judged on some criterion of quality and excellence of performance, and some of the incentive for the dedicated pursuit of achievement comes from social

Renewal of the USA Patriot Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Renewal of the USA Patriot Act - Essay Example The USA Patriot Act provided law enforcement and intelligence agencies with basic tools needed to fight and win the war against terrorism. It provided new authority to the Justice Department and the FBI to monitor alleged terrorists or their associates, and provided legal sanction for increased information-sharing between criminal investigators and intelligence agencies. It has expanded the government’s surveillance and prosecutorial powers against suspected terrorists, their associates and financiers. The act allows the government to obtain warrants to monitor and search suspects without meeting previous standards of probable cause, in any criminal investigation, whether related to terrorism or not. As a result, some searches that would have been unreasonable before September 11 are now legal and some significant information will be shared by various law enforcement agencies that otherwise would not have been shared.